From saṃyama on perception, essential nature, egoity, inherence, and purpose, arises mastery of the senses.

Grahaṇa is perception, apprehension. Svarūpa is essential nature. Asmitā is egoity, sense of I. Anvaya is inherence. Arthavattva is purpose. Indriya are the senses. Jaya is mastery.

Parallel to the sutra on elements, this describes mastery of the senses through saṃyama on five aspects:

1. Grahaṇa: the function of perceiving, how the sense grasps its object.
2. Svarūpa: the essential nature of the sense.
3. Asmitā: the connection of the sense with the ego, how “I” claims the perception.
4. Anvaya: inherence in the guṇas that constitute it.
5. Arthavattva: the purpose of the sense (to serve puruṣa).

By completely understanding how the senses function, the yogī masters them.

This mastery goes beyond pratyāhāra. It is not merely withdrawing the senses but controlling them completely: sharpening them, turning them off, directing them at will.