Prathama-prakaraṇam (Yama) · Verse 63
दया च सर्वभूतेषु सर्वत्रानुग्रहः स्मृतः । विहितेषु तदन्येषु मनोवाक्कायकर्मणाम् ॥
dayā ca sarvabhūteṣu sarvatrānugrahaḥ smṛtaḥ | vihiteṣu tadanyeṣu manovākkāyakarmaṇām ||
Dayā — compassion toward all beings — is defined as anugraha (benevolence) in all situations. It applies both to prescribed duties (vihiteṣu) and to other actions, across the three domains of manas, vāk, and kāya (mind, speech, body). Compassion is not passive sentiment but active benevolence expressed through every channel of human action.