Agriculture, cow-protection, commerce — the action of a vaiśya, born of one’s own nature. Action of service-nature, also of the śūdra, born of one’s own nature.

Vaiśya-karma: kṛṣi — agriculture. Go-rakṣya — protection of cows/cattle. Vāṇijyam — commerce. Economic production, sustenance.

Śūdra-karma: paricaryātmakam — of service-nature. Support for the other classes, manual labor, necessary service for society.