Technique of Ujjāyī: partial contraction of the glottis (the “contraction in the throat”) creates the characteristic sound and resistance that warms the air.

Filling “gently” (śanaiḥ) is essential. Ujjāyī is not forcing; it is allowing air to flow with controlled resistance.

Exhalation can be through the right nostril or both, depending on the tradition. The specific pattern varies but the glottic sound is the constant.