Chapter 16 warns that even spiritual attainment can become fuel for ego. One who retains abhimāna, the sense of “I am the liberated one,” and who still feels mamatā, possessiveness toward the body, is neither a jñānin nor a yogī but merely a sufferer. The verse insists that liberation must reach the deepest layers of identification, not only the mind’s theories. A refined spiritual ego is still an ego, and as long as the body is “mine,” duḥkha has a foothold.