But those whose sins have been destroyed, who perform virtuous actions, liberated from the illusion of dualities — worship Me with determination.

Those who can bhajanti: antagataṃ pāpaṃ — sins (pāpa = apuṇya, negative karma) have come to their end. They are puṇya-karmaṇaḥ (doers of virtuous action).

Result: dvandva-moha-nirmuktāḥ — liberated from dual illusion. Dṛḍha-vratāḥ — of firm vow, determined. Their devotion is stable because their mind is purified.