Prakaraṇa 4 · Verse 31
अभ्यासाद् वैराग्याच् चैव ज्ञानं जायते पृथक्, तज् ज्ञानं कष्ट-संघातं दहत्य् आशु न संशयः
abhyāsād vairāgyāc caiva jñānaṃ jāyate pṛthak, taj jñānaṃ kaṣṭa-saṃghātaṃ dahaty āśu na saṃśayaḥ
By practice and detachment, knowledge arises separately; that knowledge quickly burns the conglomeration of difficulties, undoubtedly.
The dyad of abhyāsa-vairāgya — practice and dispassion — constitutes Patañjali’s method (Yoga Sūtra I.12), applied here with surgical precision. Pṛthak — separately — signifies that jñāna is not a linear product of practice but an emergent phenomenon: practice engenders the conditions, dispassion eradicates obstructions, and knowledge arises as an entity distinct from both. It is neither an excess of practice nor of renunciation; it is the aperture that both conjointly unveil. The combustion (dahati) is swift (āśu) and absolute (na saṃśayaḥ). The kaṣṭa-saṅghāta — the knot — is not gradually unraveled but incinerated. This does not contradict the gradualism of abhyāsa; rather, it denotes that the moment of cognition is sudden, even while its preparation is protracted. Much like a seed germinating after years of gestation: the growth was gradual, yet the emergence is instantaneous.