Chapter 2 · Verse 5

अहं निर्विकल्पो निष्क्रियोऽस्मि निर्मलः

ahaṃ nirvikalpo niṣkriyo'smi nirmalaḥ

Three attributes define Janaka’s realized state: free from conceptual thought (nirvikalpa), free from action (niṣkriya), and pure (nirmala). Nirvikalpa is a technical term in Advaita denoting a state beyond the dualistic distinctions (vikalpas) created by the mind. To be niṣkriya does not mean physical inaction but freedom from the sense of being a doer. The comparison to the sky (gagana) reinforces the theme of limitless, untainted awareness — whatever clouds appear, the sky remains unstained.