Some see the Self in the Self by meditation, others by the yoga of Sāṅkhya, others by the yoga of action.

Three paths to the same realization: dhyāna (meditation), sāṅkhya-yoga (discriminative wisdom), and karma-yoga (selfless action).

Ātmānam ātmanā — the Self by the self — suggests reflexive self-awareness, consciousness knowing itself without objectification.

These are not exclusive categories but different emphases. A practitioner may combine elements of all three, though one path typically predominates according to temperament.