Arjuna said: Your birth is later, the birth of the sun is earlier. How am I to understand that you taught it first?

The apparent chronological contradiction. Apara — later — describes Kṛṣṇa’s birth; para — earlier — that of Vivasvān (the Sun).

The question katham etad vijānīyām — how to understand this? — anticipates the doctrine of divine incarnation. Arjuna does not deny but seeks clarity. The problem is apparent: how does the recent teach the ancient?