Māṇḍūkya Upaniṣad · 10
मकारस्तु तैजसत्वात्प्रतिष्ठां गच्छति मकारस्योपव्याख्यानं प्राज्ञत्वम्
makāras tu taijasatvāt pratiṣṭhāṃ gacchaty akārasyopavyākhyānaṃ prājñatvam
The letter M, through its connection with Taijasa, becomes established in stability. The explanation of M is its condition of Prājña.
M — the third letter of Oṃ — corresponds to deep sleep (suṣupta), represented by Prājña.
Makāra: the sound M. Phonetically, M is the labial closure — the lips seal, the resonance turns completely inward. From A (total opening) to U (interiorization) to M (closure): the sound folds back upon itself.
Pratiṣṭhā (stability, foundation): M is the base where everything is gathered. Just as deep sleep is the foundation from which both waking and dream sleep arise, M is the base upon which A and U rest.
Prājñatvam: the quality of Prājña, supreme wisdom. Not discursive wisdom but presence itself, without content, without object.
The phonetic sequence A-U-M is a complete arc:
- A: opening, manifestation, waking
- U: interiorization, subtlety, dream
- M: closure, unity, deep sleep
Each sound contains and transcends the previous. M does not deny A or U — it integrates them and carries them to their foundation. In the practice of prāṇava (recitation of Oṃ), M is prolonged until it dissolves into silence — and that silence is the fourth state.