Chapter 3 · Verse 2
यस्य नाहंकृतो भावो बुद्धिर्यस्य न लिप्यते
yasya nāhaṃkṛto bhāvo buddhir yasya na lipyate
One of the most provocative verses in the text: if one’s nature is free from ahaṃkāra (ego-sense) and one’s buddhi is unstained, then even killing a multitude does not constitute killing, and one is not bound by it. This is not a license for violence but a statement about the ontology of action: without the sense of personal doership, actions occur without an agent being bound by them. The verse echoes the Bhagavad Gītā’s teaching on action without attachment, but goes further — it denies the very existence of the actor.