One who with violence harms the harmless and the innocent, quickly falls into one of ten conditions.

Yo daṇḍena adaṇḍesu — one who with violence harms the harmless: adaṇḍa are those who do not use violence, the peaceful. Harming those who do not use violence is one of the most gravely condemned actions in the Pāli canon.

Appaduṭṭhesu dussati — insults the innocent: the aggravating factor is that the victims have no duṭṭha (malice, corruption). They are pure, without harmful intent.

Dasannamaññataraṃ ṭhānaṃ — one of ten conditions: this verse introduces a list of ten consequences developed in the following verses (138-140).

The list structure is a pedagogical device in the Pāli canon. The enumeration of consequences has the function of creating a cumulative effect of deterrence. It is not an imposed punishment but natural consequences that flow from violent action against the innocent.