The gṛhastha (householder) duties are specified: ritual bathing (snāna), maintaining brahmacarya (here meaning sexual discipline within marriage), and producing a son with a wife of the same varṇa who has been properly consecrated (saṃskṛtā). Savarṇā — of the same varṇa — reflects endogamous marriage norms. The birth of a son discharges the debt to the ancestors (pitṛ).