Another iteration of the fundamental negation, now with an important addition: all of this — body, intellect, mind — is the product of ignorance (avidyā). The Self is the Witness (sākṣī), Supreme Consciousness, eternally free. In chapter 4, each repetition adds a nuance: the first negation removed identification, the second removed possession, and now the root cause — ignorance itself — is named. When the cause is identified, the effect dissolves.