Arjuna said: Renunciation of actions you declare, oh Kṛṣṇa, and again yoga. Tell me with certainty which is better of these two.

The question that opens the chapter. Saṃnyāsam — renunciation — implies abandoning external action; yogam — union — implies action without attachment.

Śaṃsasi — you declare, praise — indicates that Kṛṣṇa has recommended both. Yat śreyaḥ — which is better — seeks hierarchy. Ekaṃ — one — asks for clear decision. Suniścitam — with certainty — indicates that Arjuna needs resolution, not more alternatives.