Tranquility, control, austerity, purity, patience, rectitude, knowledge, comprehension, conviction in the divine — the action of a brāhmaṇa, born of one’s own nature.

Brāhmaṇa-karma: predominant sāttvic qualities. Śama — mental tranquility. Dama — sense control. Tapas — austerity. Śauca — purity.

Kṣānti — patience. Ārjava — rectitude, simplicity. Jñāna-vijñāna — theoretical and realized knowledge. Āstikyam — faith in the divine. Function: teaching, study, ritual.