He who, dwelling in the earth, whom the earth does not know, whose body is the earth, who controls the earth from within —He is your Ātman, the Inner Ruler, the Immortal.

This verse repeats the structure of chapter 3, but with a subtle difference: here active control (yamayati) is emphasized. The antaryāmin does not merely inhabit passively but governs from within. In our yoga practice, this reminds us that consciousness is not mere presence but organizing intelligence. The earth of our body —bones, flesh, gravity— is governed by an intelligence that the earth itself does not know. Recognizing this is recognizing divine presence in the seemingly inert.