Knowing the origin, the entrance, the place, the distribution in five forms, and the internal of Prāṇa, one attains immortality; yes, knowing, one attains immortality.

This verse summarizes the knowledge of Prāṇa in five aspects:

1. Utpatti — the origin (from Ātman, as said in 3.3)
2. Āyatiḥ — the entrance into the body (through the mind)
3. Sthāna — the place (the heart, the five prāṇas)
4. Vibhutva — the distribution (pañcadhā, in five forms: prāṇa, apāna, samāna, udāna, vyāna)
5. Adhyātma — the internal (the connection with cosmic elements)

Whoever knows these five aspects of Prāṇa aśnute amṛtam — attains, enjoys, becomes one with immortality.

The final repetition (vijñāya amṛtam aśnute twice) is typical of Vedic texts for emphasis. It is as if to say: “this is true, completely true.”

For the yogī, this defines the objective of prāṇāyāma: not physical health nor mental powers (though they may be side effects), but amṛtatva — the immortal state, liberation.